Завдання для групи П35

13.04.20

Тема: Декларація про державний суверенітет України. Введення нових лексичних одиниць.

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Ukraine

   Ukraine is a country in the south-eastern part of Europe, and the second largest country in Europe after Russia. It occupies the territory of about 603,700 square kilometers and administratively is divided into 24 regions and the Crimean autonomous republic. The capital of the Crimean autonomous republic is Simferopol. The capital of the Ukraine is Kyiv, which is situated on the river Dnieper. The population of Ukraine is near 46 million people.

  Ukraine borders on Poland, Slovakia and Hungary in the west and on Romania and Moldova in the southwest. Its northern neighbor is Belarus, and the eastern one is Russia. Also Ukraine has a sea-border with Russia, Georgia and Turkey. The territory of Ukraine is mostly flat and mountains make up only 5% of its territory. The highest mountains, situated in the country are Roman Kosh in the Crimean mountains, it is 1545 metres high, and Goverla in the Carpathian mountains, it is 2061 metres high. Most of the territory is covered with woods and forest-steppes.

Ukraine is washed by the Black sea and the Asov one. There are 131 rivers in Ukraine. The main navigable rivers are the Dnieper, the Dniester, the South Bug, the Danube and the Seversky Donets. Our country has a lot of lakes on its territory, the largest is Yalpug. The climate of Ukraine is temperately continental, with a subtropical Mediterranean climate prevalent on the southern past of the Crimean peninsula.

 The continental climate, fertile black soil and excellent geographical position make Ukraine ideal for the de­velopment of agriculture. Among the crops grown in Ukraine are sugar-beet, wheat, rye, barley, buckwheat, maize, soybean, potatoes, sunflower, flax and a large variety of vegetables and fruit. That’s why it is easy to guess that the Ukrainian national blue and yellow flag symbolizes golden wheat fields below the blue sky. Cattle and pig-breeding is spread on the most part of Ukraine. It is the famous producer of dairy products, meat and poultry.

     Ukraine is a well developed industrial country. The country has many industrial raw materials, such as iron ore, titanium and uranium ores, coal and graphite, gas and oil, rock salt, manganese, gypsum, zinc, limestone and nickel. The leading industries of the country are ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy, machine-building, power industry, electronic engineering, coal-mining and chemical industry. The country produces machinery, steel, rolled metals, tractors, cement and other building materials, mineral fertilizers, chemicals, and cheap consumer goods. Ukraine's main industrial centers are Donetsk, Kryvyi Rig, Zaporizhya, Dnipropetrovsk, Odessa, Kharkov, Nikopol, Mariupol and Luhansk. The main seaports of Ukraine are Odessa, Sevastopol, Kerch, Nikolaev, Yalta.

      Ukraine is infamous for its Chernobyl nuclear disaster. The 4^th reactor of the nuclear power station of Chernobyl burst on the 26^th of April 1986, the explosion happened in the northern Ukrainian town Chernobyl situated on the river Pripyat. It radiates and will continue to radiate radioactive emanation for thousands of years. Therefore it has been covered by a thick layer of concrete. This layer is nicknamed the Sarcophagus.

Ukraine is a country of ancient cultural traditions, many of which have roots in the pre-Christian times. Easter is the biggest Christian holiday in Ukraine. Pysanka, a decorated Easter egg is a meaningful symbol of Ukraine. The most popular food in Ukraine is varenyky (dumplings), kovbasa (sausage), holubtsi (stuffed cabbage) and borsch (beet soup). Hopak is the famous traditional folk dance in Ukraine. Kobzari are folk professional minstrels unique to Ukraine. They are special because they are blind. Korovay is traditional Ukrainian wedding bread decorated with kalyna berries, ribbons and topped with flying birds.